On "Christianity Meets Modernity"
New Worlds, New Challenges and New Churches "Crystal Palace" The nineteenth century gave no respite to a traditional Christianity still reeling from the social upheavals of the 1700s. After such seismic shocks as the Enlightenment, the French and American Revolutions, the rationalism of Leibniz and Kant, and the first of the Great Awakenings, the traditional churches of Europe and America tumbled into the uncertainties of modernity off-balance, unsure and, for the most part, unprepared. All the consequences of the movements begun in the previous century would be visited upon the Church throughout the modern era. Change was definitely in the air and the social, political and spiritual landscapes of Europe and America would be altered forever.